Strain rate dependent plasticity of lithium-ion pouch cells: Experiments and simulations

• Performed static and dynamic indentation experiments Characterized deformation mechanism through 3D DIC Observed pronounced non-monotonic strain rate effects Formulated enhanced Deshpande-Fleck plasticity model Incorporated both strain-rate hardening softening The safety of electric vehicles under crash event depends on the mechanical behavior Lithium-ion cells large at high rates. Here, an extensive experimental campaign is performed large-format pouch out-of-plane with two indenter shapes speeds ranging from a few millimeters per minute up to ten meters seconds, spanning six decades It reveals that displacement onset short circuit decreases increasing rates, while relationship observed between maximum force as well macroscopic cell tangent stiffness. Based results, phenomenological constitutive proposed making use yield locus dependent hardening. An internal variable introduced capture intermediate calibrated able accurately reproduce data further validated hemispherical seconds.